I. Choosethe correct answer:
1. South Indian Liberal Federation isotherwise known as the Justice party
2. Periyar transformed the Justiceparty into Dravidar Swarajya
3. The greatest social reformer ofTamil Nadu E.V. Ramasamy Naicker
4. Vaikam is a place in Kerala
5. C.N. Annadurai was affectionatelycalled as Anna
6. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam wasfounded by C.N. Annadurai
7. C.N. Annadurai was conferredDoctorate by Annamalai University
8. Due to Dr. Muthulakshmi’s goodefforts the cancer institute was started at Adayar
9. All India women conference wasorganized at Pune
10. Dr. Muthulakshmi Reddy started anorphanage known as Avvai Illam
11. Dr. S. Dharmambal started anagitation for the cause of Tamil teachers called Elavuvaram
12. MoovalurRamamirdham was born in 1883
II. Matchthe following:
| 1. Justice | English News paper |
| 2. Vaikam Hero | E.V. Ramasamy Periyar |
| 3. Devadasi system | Dr. Muthu Lakshmi Reddy |
| 4. VeeraTamilannai | Dr. S. Dharmambal |
| 5. Justice party | T.M.Nair |
III.Answer in following in brief:
1. Write a brief note on the rule ofthe Justice party.
Note onthe rule of the Justice party
- In theElection of 1920, the justice party secured a majority and SubbrayaluReddiarformed the ministry.
- In 1923Justice Party T. M. Sivagnanam Pillai formed the ministry.
- In theelection of 1926, with the support of Swarajya Party, A. Subbrayalu form theministry.
- In 1934Congress party refused again the justice party formed ministry.
- In 1937election the justice party failed never recovered from the defeat.
2. What are the aims of Self RespectMovement?
The aimsof Self Respect Movement
- It foughtagainst Brahmin domination.
- It foughtto abolish traditionalism and superstitions.
- Itadvocated women education, widow remarriage, intercaste marriages and opposedchild marriage.
3. Why do we call Periyar as “VaikamHero”?
- He joinedthe non-cooperation movement.
- He led thefamous Vaikam Sathya Graha in 1924, where the people of downtroddencommunity were prohibited to enter into the Temple.
- TheTravancore government relaxed such segregation and allowed the people to enterinto the temple. Hence Periyar was given the title of “Vaikam Hero”.
4. Mention the services rendered byAnnadurai as the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu.
- Heintroduced the scheme of 1kg rice for Re.1.
- He alsointroduced Tamil Language Development Scheme.
- On thefirst day of Chittirai (4-4-1967) on Tamil New Year day, Anna changed name from“Madras” to “Tamizhaga Arasu” or “Tamizhagam”.
- Heannounced “Satyamevajayavate” would appear as “Vaimaye Vellum”.
5. Narrate Dr. Muthu Lakshmi’s role inthe agitation against Devadasi system
- Dr. MuthuLakshmi Reddy was not only interested in medicine but also in politics andsocial reforms.
- Shededicated herself in removing the cruel practice Devadasi system from TamilNadu.
- Gandhijipraised her against Devadasi system.
- Appreciatingher agitation against Devadasi system she was nominated to the TamilnaduLegislative Council in 1929.
- As aresult the Justice party Government enacted a law abolishing Devadasi system.
6. What did Dr. S. Dharmambal do tothe Tamil Teachers?
- The Tamilteachers had no due recognition in the society.
- They werenot paid equal salary like other teachers.
- Shestarted an agitation called “ElavuVaram”.
- As aresult the Educational Minister announced equal pay to Tamil teachers likeother teachers.
7. Write a note on the services renderedby Moovalur Ramamirdham for her community.
- ”MoovalueRamamirtham belonged to Isai Vellalar caste
- Girls ofthis caste were sacrificed to temples to do service to God.
- They were ill-treatedand humiliated by the landlords and zamindars in the name of caste.
- On seeingthis she decided to flight for their emancipation.
- She spokeall over the country and won the support of many leaders.
- She joined the Indian National Party andorganized the conference of Isai Vellalar at Mayiladudurai in 1925.
- She wasalso one of the important person for the abolition of devadasi system
IV. Answerall the questions given under each caption
1. THEJUSTICE PARTY
[a] Whoestablished the Justice party?
T. M. Nair and Thiyagaraya Chetty.
[b] Whendid the Justice party come to power?
In 1920.
[c] Whenwas it defeated?
In 1937.
[d] Writeany two achievements of the Justice party.
The Justice Party government set rightthe imbalances in the representation of different communities and improved thestatus of Depresses Classes. In 1925 Andra University and in 1929 AnnamalaiUniversity were opened.
2. SELFRESPECT MOVEMENT
[a] Whostarted the Self Respect Movement?
E. V. Ramasamy Periyar.
[b] Whydid he start?
To spread and execute his ideas andpolicies.
[c] Whenwas it started?
In 1925.
[d] Namethe laws passed by the Government due to the constant struggle of Self –Respect Movement.
Widow Re-Marriage Act, Women’s Rightto Property Act, Abolition of Devadasi Act.
V. Answerthe following in a paragraph:
1. Write a paragraph on the formationand achievements of the Justice party.
Thejustice movement:
- TheJustice Party was officially known as South Indian Liberal Federation.
- This partywas established in 1916 by T. M. Nair and Thiyagaraja Chetty.
- TheJustice Party represented Non-Brahmin movement.
- This partypublished “Dravidan” in Tamil, “Andhra Prakasika” in Telugu and “Justice” inEnglish. Hence it came to be called as the “Justice Party”.
Achievementsof the Justice Party:
- TheJustice Party improved the status of depressed classes.
- TheCommunal G. O.’s of 1921 and 1922 provided reservation for Non-Brahmins.
- For thebenefit of all communities, College Committees were created.
- In 1925Andhra University and in 1929 Annamalai University were opened.
- Toregulate temple accounts, in 1926 the Hindu Religious Endownment Billwas passed.
- The Womenwere granted the right to vote in 1921
- AbolishedDevadasi system.
- The systemof giving free pattas for housing sites to the poor.
- Introduced mid-day meal schemes at thousand lights.
- It gaveencouragement to Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani Medical Education.
3. Dr. Muthu Lakshmi’s contribution toTamil Society is beyond description – Prove statement.
MuthuLakshmi’s contribution to Tamil Society
- Shededicated herself in removing the cruel practice Devadasi system from TamilNadu.
- Appreciatingher agitation against Devadasi system she was nominated to the Tamil NaduLegislative Council in 1929.
- The CancerInstitute at Adayar was started due to her good efforts.
- In 1930,she organized All India Women Conference at Pune. She was the President ofIndian Women Association from 1933 to 1947.
- She alsostarted AvvaiIllam an orphanage at Santhome in Madras.
3. “MoovalurRamamirdham is a freedomfighter and a Social Reformer” – Justify the statement.
- ”MoovalurRamamirtham”belonged to Isai vellalar caste
- Girls ofthis caste were sacrificed to temples to do service to God.
- They wereill-treated and humiliated by the landlords and zamindars in the name of caste.
- On seeingthis she decided to fight for their emancipation.
- She spokeall over the country and won the support of many leaders.
- She joinedthe Indian National Party and organized the conference if Isai Vellalar atMayiladudurai in 1925 and got moral support by Rajaji, Periyar and Thiru. Vi.Ka.
- Sheinspired women to take part in the National movement on a large scale.
- In her memory, “Moovalur Ramamirtham AmmalNinaivu Marriage Assistance scheme”, a social welfare scheme to providefinancial assistance to poor women.