I. CHOOSE IT
1. During industrial revolutionproduction became faster
2. England is birthplace of the industrial revolution.
3. Great Britain isan Island
4. Cotton Gin was inventedby Eli Whitney
5. In 1830 thefirst passenger railway was operated
II.MATCH IT
1. John kay – Flyingshuttle
2. James watt – Newsteam engine
3. Faraday – Dynamo
4. Macadam – Road
5. Humphrey davy – safetylamp
III.HEADINGS
1.Textile industry
a) What was the firstmomentum from the outburst of invention?
Cottontextile industries
b) By whom flying shuttlewass invented?
Johnkay
c) Who invented sewingmachine?
Eliashowe
d) When was cotton gininvented?
1793
2.Invention in powers
a) Who invented a newsteam engine in 1769?
Jameswatt
b) By whom safety lamp wasinvented?
Humphreydavis
c) What did bersemer inventedin 1855?
Methodof making steel
d) Who introduced thepudding process for the purification of pig iron?
Henrycort
IV.BRIEF:
1. What is meant by Industrial revolution?
It refers to shift from anagrarian, handicraft, labour intensive economy into one dominated by machinemanufacturers factories and a free flow of capital.
2. What were the result of the expansion of commerce?
Foundation for the rapidexpansion of trade.
Encourage the scientiststo invent machines. Gave birth to capitalism.The people produced goods on largescale.
3. Write a note on Revolution in agriculture?
The new farm machineryincluded the steel plough and harrow. Machines for reaping and threshing.
The practice of croprotation was adopted to maintain soil fertility.
4. What is the motive behind Socialism?
The motive behindsocialism is that there should be just distribution of wealth.The gap betweenthe rich and the poor.
5. Who was Karl Marx? What was his theory?
Karl Marx is a socialistof Germany.
His theory is based on theassumption that production and physical forces have an intimate relationshipand the surplus value of products should go in favor of the working class.
V.ANSWER IN PARAGRAPH:
1. What were the causes for industrial revolution?
- Theterm industrial revolution refers to the shift from an agrarian handicraft,labor intensive economic into one dominated by machine manufacture factors andthe free flow of capital.Innovation in agriculturalmethods
- Thetraditional patterns of agriculture were breaking up.
- Agriculturebecomes more and more capitalist enterprise.
- Thedemand for English goods went on increasing.
- Discoveriesof new lands and new sea routes
- Moreefficient agriculture and better food distribution.
- Theprogress of science revolutionized the method of production.
2. What were the effects of Industrial Revolution?
The changes inagricultural production, business organization and technology.Pollutionaffected the health of people.
The industrial found moreprofitable to employ woman and children in the factories.
The society create twodistinct classes, they are Capitalist and laborers.
THEPOLITICAL EFFECTS:
The factory acts passedin1819, 1933 and 1847to improve the conditions of laborers.
In 1825 trade unions wereorganized to fight for their rights.
ECONOMICALEFFECTS:
The establishments offactories like Manchester, Lancashire, Birmingham and Sheffield.
The Industrial Revolutionmade the “rich richer and poor poorer”
3. Mention some important scientific inventions were made duringindustrial Revolution.
| INDUSTRY | NAME | INVENTION | YEAR |
| 1. TEXTILE | John Kay Eli Whitney | Flying Shuttle Cotton Gin | 1773 1793 |
| 2. STEAM | James Watt Faraday | Redesigned Newcomen’s steam engine Dynamo | 1769 1831 |
| 3. IRON AND STEEL | John Seaton Humphrey Davis | Improved Derby process Safety lamp | 1760 1860 |
| 4.TRANSPORT | John Macadam | Macadamized roads |