I. Choosethe correct answer:
1. The Bay of Bengal is located tothe____________ of India South-east
2. Palk Strait separates Indiaform____________ Sri Lanka
3. The most centrally located meridianis passes through the Allahabad
4. The highest peak in India Mt.Godwin Austin
5. The source of River Ganga Gangotri
6. The Himalayas are known as Abodeof snow
II. Matchthe following
| 1. Pilgrim Centre | Kedarnath |
| 2. Terai plain | Marshy Land |
| 3. Western Ghats in Karnataka | Shayadri |
| 4. Lava Plateau | Deccan |
| 5. Largest lake in Kerala | Vembanad |
IV. Answerthe following questions briefly:
1. What are the main physicaldivisions of India?
They are:
- Northernmountains
- NorthernGreat Plains
- PeninsularPlateaus
- Coastalplains
- Islands
2. Write any two points on theimportance of the Himalayas.
Theimportance of the Himalayas.
- TheHimalayas prevent south west monsoon and causes snow fall and rain.
- It formsthe natural boundary for the sub-continent.
- Most ofthe rivers that originate are perennial. Ex. Ganga and Yamuna.
3. Name a few well known holy placesin the Northern Mountains of India.
Holy places in the Northern Mountainsof India
- Kedharnath
- Badrinath
- Amarnath
- Vaishnavidevi temple
4. Name the rivers that do not form adelta on the west coast of India.
The rivers that do not form a delta onthe west coast of India.
Narmada and Tapti
5. Name the islands belonging toIndia.
The islands belonging to India are
- Andaman & Nicobar island
- Lakshadweep island
V. Answerthe following questions in a Paragraph:
1. “India is a sub-continent” –Justify.
India, asubcontinent:-
- Acontinent possesses distinct characteristics of diverse,
- Physicalfeatures,
- Climaticconditions,
- Naturalvegetation,
- Mineralresources,
- Humanhabitations,
- Culturalnorms,
- Ancientethnic and linguistic groups and
- Huge area.
These characteristics are found inIndia. Hence we consider India as a subcontinent.
2. “Unity in Diversity” – Explain.
Unity in Diversity:-
Landforms:-
India has unique land forms rangingfrom the highest peaks. Mount Godwin Austin is the highest plain and theMalabar Coastal Plains are the smallest plains.
Climate:-
The climate varies in India from thetropical to the temperate zone. Cherrapunji receives the highest rainfall andThe Thar desert receives very low rainfall.
Forest:-
We have wet dense tropical forest onthe Western Ghats, mangrove in the Sunderbans, shrubs in the That Desert.
Idealhabitat:-
India an ideal habitat for varietiesof flora and fauna.
Secularcountry:-
India is a secular country with totalfreedom of worship. In spite of its physical, religious and racial varieties,the “Indian Culture” unites all the people. Hence India is known for her “Unityin diversity”.
3. Explain the origins of theHimalayas.
Theorigins of the Himalaya
- Millionsof years ago, there was only one large land mass called “Pangea”.
- Surroundedby a water body, known as “Panthalassia”.
- This largeland mass split up into two parts.
- Northern part known as “Angara land”
- Southern part known as “Gondwana land”.
- This largeland mass split up the Tethys Sea which deposited their silts.
- Due totectonic forces uplifted to form Fold Mountains called the Himalayan ranges.
4. Mention the importance of Himalayas
THEIMPORTANCE OF THE HIMALAYAS:-
- Thepresence of the Himalayas in north pre vents southwest monsoon winds and causerainfall and snowfall.
- If thismountain is absent, India would have been a hot and dry desert.
- Himalayasforms a natural boundary for the sub-continent.
- It ispermanently frozen and it is a barrier to invasion.
- Most ofthe rivers that originate are perennial. Ex. Ganga and Yamuna.
- It hasmany hill resort and pilgrimage centers promotes tourism.
- Itprovides timber to human and shelter to wildlife.
5. Write short notes on Northernplains of India.
NorthernGreat Plains:-
- TheNorthern Great Plains are located at the south of the Himalayas.
- It extendsover a length of 2,400km.
- It formedby the deposits of Indus, the Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers.
- It coversan area of over 7 lakh sq.km
- Importantcharacteristics:-
- Bhabar(unassorted sediments)
- The Bhabarlies along the foothills at about 8 to 16km wide. The rivers, disappears in thebhabar tract is marked by dry river courses.
- The Teraiis a marshy tract, where underground streams reappear.
- The Bhagarrepresents older alluvium.
- The Khadaris the newer alluvium.
NorthernPlains can be divided into the following regions
- Rajasthanplain
- Punjab-Haryanaplain
- Gangaplain
- Brahmaputraplain
6. Write a brief about PeninsularPlateau.
PeninsularPlateaus:-
- Thepeninsular plateau is located to the south of northern Great Plains.
- It istriangular in shape and covers an area of about 16lakh sq.km.
- It issurrounded by hill ranges on all sides, the Aravalli, Vindhya, Satpura andRajmahal ranges in the north, Western Ghats the west and the Eastern ghats inthe east.
- Theaverage height of this plateau 600-900mts above sea level.
- Thegeneral slope is from west to east.
- TheNarmada River divides the peninsular plateau into two unequal parts. Thenorthern part is called the ‘Central Highlands’ and the south part is calledthe ‘Deccan Plateaus’.