I. Choosethe correct answer:
1. India experiences TropicalMonsoon Climate
2. The coastal areas enjoy Equable
3. The place that gets rain fromWestern disturbance is Punjab
4. The mountains which lie parallel tothe direction of the Southwest Monsoon Wind is Aravalli
5. The local storms in the northeasternpart of India during hot weather season are called Norwesters
II. Matchthe following
| 1. Burst of Monsoon | June to September |
| 2. Norwesters | Local Storms in Northeast India |
| 3. Water conservation activities | Total involvement of local people |
| 4. The North East Monsoon Season | October to February |
| 5. Highest rainfall place | Mawsynram in Cherrapunji |
IV. Answerthe following questions:
1. Name the factors determining theclimate of India.
The factors determining the climate ofIndia
- Latitude
- Altitude
- Distance from the sea
- Wind
- Position of Mountains
2. What do you mean by Monsoon?
Monsoon is the world derived fromArabic word Mausim means season. The winds which blow in a particular seasonfrom particular direction reverses from summer and winter.
Example- south west monsoon &north east monsoon
3. What are the main features oftropical monsoon type of climate?
The salient features of Tropicalmonsoon climate:-
- TheMonsoon winds are classified into Southwest Monsoon and Northeast Monsoon on thebasis of the direction from where they blow.
- They arecaused due to the differential heating of land and sea.
- The mainfeature of monsoon winds is alternation of seasons which determines the climateof the India.
4. What are Jet Streams and how dothey affect the climate of India?
JetStreams:-
Air currents in the upper layers ofthe atmosphere is known as Jet streams. It could determine the arrival anddeparture of monsoon winds in India.
5. Name the regions of heavy rainfallin India.
Theregions of heavy rainfall in India:-
Middle Ganga Valley,
Western Ghats,
Eastern Maharashtra,
Madhya Pradesh and Orissa.
6. What do you mean by the “Burst ofMonsoon”?
South west monsoon winds are moistureladen winds, when they approach southern part of Kerala it causes violentthunderstorm indicating the onset of monsoon. This is called as monsoon burst.
V. Answerthe following in a paragraph each:
1. Analyze any two featuresdetermining the climate of India
Altitude:-
Temperature decreases with increasingat the rate of 1degree of Celsius for every 165
The places situated at the higheraltitudes are cooler as compared to places in plains.
Eg. Delhi and Shimla located at thesame region but at different altitude.
Distancefrom the sea:-
The places to the north of Tropic ofcancer, experience “continental climate” summer is extremely hot winter isextremely cold due to the location in far from the sea.
The places to the South of Tropicenclosed on the three sides by Arabian sea, Indian ocean and Bay of Bengal,experiences “Equable climate”.
Positionof the mountains:-
Positions of mountains play a vitalrole in determining the climate of any place. For example,
The great Himalayan range in the NorthIndia obstructs the bitter cold winds from central Asia to India.
2. Give the characteristic features ofmonsoon winds.
FEATURESOF THE MONSOON:-
Unevendistribution of rainfall during the year:-
The South West monsoon causes over 80percent of the rainfall over the country during June to September
Influenceof Mountains:-
The winds strike the Western Ghats andbring heavy rainfall on the windward side.
Gujarat and Rajasthan receives littlerainfall due to absence of mountains.
TropicalCyclone:-
The intensity and distribution ofrainfall are determined by a series of tropical depressions or TropicalCyclone.
ErraticNature of the rainfall:-
It is difficult to make any generalstatement describing the rainfall in any areas which received heavy rainfall inone season may experience drought rain may be delayed.
Sometime the rain disappears.
Monsoonrains have great effect on the country’s economy:-
The prosperity of India depends on thesuccess or failure of the Monsoon.
3. Describe any one of the branch ofSouth West Monsoon.
ArabianSea Branch:-
- It is oneof the branch of South west Monsoon.
- The morepowerful Arabian Sea brings heavier rainfall.
- It strikesagainst the Western Ghats
- Thismoisture laden wind ascend the slopes gives heavy rainfall to western coastalregion. Mumbai gets 150cms heavy rainfall.
- The secondpart blow through the Vindhya-Satpura strikes Rajmahal cause heavy rainfall inChotanagpur region.
- The thirdpart moves towards Rajasthan where the Aravalli stand parallel to the directionof this wind does not give any rain to Rajasthan.
- This windcombines with the Bay of Bengal branch obstructed by the Shiwalik hills gives agood rainfall.
4. Describe rain water harvesting.
Rain WaterHarvesting:-
- Indiaexperiences Tropical monsoon type of climate. It gives a seasonal rainfall.
- It ishighly erratic with scanty rainfall.
- It isnecessary to save rain water.
- We mustallow this water to penetrate into deep water table and tap this water when itis needed.
- To preventsurface run-off we must harvest the rainwater for future.
- Rainharvesting is direct collection and storage of water recharged into the groundfor withdrawal later.
- Throughthe rain harvesting we can understand the real value of rain.
5. What is water management? Give thebasic requirement of Water conservation.
WATERMANAGEMENT:-
- Watermanagement implies the best use of available water controlling its depletionand degradation for our future.
- Water isan indispensable resource it is important to manage water resources in anintegrated manner. Water management must be under taken at all levels.
- The basicrequirements for water conservation activities are:
- The totalinvolvement, co-operation and participation of all local people.
- The roleof women in managing house hold water needs.
- To treatwater an economic commodity
- To be usedin the profitable and satisfying manner.
- In thedistribution both equity and quality must be ensured.
- We cansave the water through “rain water harvesting” strategy.